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23.  Demonstration of long wavelength infrared Type-II InAs/InAs1-xSbx superlattices photodiodes on GaSb substrate grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
D. H. Wu, A. Dehzangi, Y. Y. Zhang, M. Razeghi
Applied Physics Letters 112, 241103-- June 12, 2018 ...[Visit Journal]
We report the growth and characterization of long wavelength infrared type-II InAs/InAs1−xSbx superlattices photodiodes with a 50% cut-off wavelength at 8.0 μm on GaSb substrate grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. At 77 K, the photodiodes exhibited a differential resistance at zero bias (R0A) 8.0 Ω·cm2, peak responsivity of 1.26 A/W corresponding to a quantum efficiency of 21%. A specific detectivity of 5.4×1010 cm·Hz1/2/W was achieved at 7.5 μm. [reprint (PDF)]
 
23.  Self-Detecting Mid-Infrared Dual-Comb Spectroscopy Based on High-Speed Injection-Locked Quantum Cascade Lasers
Yu Ma, Dapeng Wu, Ruixin Huang, Shichen Zhang, Binru Zhou, Zejun Ma, Yongqiang Sun, Junqi Liu, Ning Zhuo, Jinchuan Zhang, Shenqiang Zhai, Shuman Liu, Fengqi Liu, Manijeh Razeghi, and Quanyong Lu
Adv. Photonics Res. 2500062 (2025) ...[Visit Journal]
Dual-comb spectrometer based on quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) is gaining fast development and revolutionizing the precision measurement with high-frequency and temporal resolutions. In these measurements, high-bandwidth photodetectors are normally used for signal acquisition and processing, which complicates the measurement system. QCL is well-known for its picosecond gain-recovery time with an intrinsic bandwidth of tens of GHz. In this work, a compact self-detecting dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) is demonstrated based on dispersion-engineered, high-speed packaged QCLs under coherent injection locking. The laser source is designed and fabricated into a hybrid-monolithic-integrated waveguide and epi-down packaged on a wideband-designed submount to fully explore the high-speed feature up to fourth-order harmonic state with a cutoff frequency of 40 GHz. The effective radio frequency (RF) injection locking diminishes the issue of optical feedback and enables high-bandwidth self-detection based on QCLs. Clear and stable multiheterodyne signal corresponding to a spectral range of 68 cm−1 and narrow comb tooth linewidth of ≈10 kHz is observed without using external detector or numerical process. The demonstrated broadband, high-power, self-detecting mid-infrared QCL DCS has a great potential for future applications of molecular sensing and spectroscopy. [reprint (PDF)]
 
23.  Kinetics of Quantum States in Quantum Cascade Lasers: Device Design Principles and fabrication
M. Razeghi
special issue of Microelectronics Journal 30 (10)-- October 1, 1999[reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  Nanoselective area growth of defect-free thick indium-rich InGaN nanostructures on sacrificial ZnO templates
Renaud Puybaret, David J Rogers, Youssef El Gmili, Suresh Sundaram, Matthew B Jordan, Xin Li, Gilles Patriarche, Ferechteh H Teherani, Eric V Sandana, Philippe Bove, Paul L Voss, Ryan McClintock, Manijeh Razeghi, Ian Ferguson, Jean-Paul Salvestrini, and Abdallah Ougazzade
Nanotechnology 28 195304-- April 29, 2017 ...[Visit Journal]
Nanoselective area growth (NSAG) by metal organic vapor phase epitaxy of high-quality InGaN nanopyramids on GaN-coated ZnO/c-sapphire is reported. Nanopyramids grown on epitaxial low-temperature GaN-on-ZnO are uniform and appear to be single crystalline, as well as free of dislocations and V-pits. They are also indium-rich (with homogeneous 22% indium incorporation) and relatively thick (100 nm). These properties make them comparable to nanostructures grown on GaN and AlN/Si templates, in terms of crystallinity, quality, morphology, chemical composition and thickness. Moreover, the ability to selectively etch away the ZnO allows for the potential lift-off and transfer of the InGaN/GaN nanopyramids onto alternative substrates, e.g. cheaper and/or flexible. This technology offers an attractive alternative to NSAG on AlN/Si as a platform for the fabrication of high quality, thick and indium-rich InGaN monocrystals suitable for cheap, flexible and tunable light-emitting diodes. [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  Aluminum-free Quantum Well Intersubband Photodetectors with p-type GaAs Wells and lattice-matched ternary and quaternary barriers
J. Hoff, E. Bigan, G.J. Brown, and M. Razeghi
Optoelectronic Integrated Circuit Materials, Physics and Devices, SPIE Conference, San Jose, CA; Proceedings, Vol. 2397-- February 6, 1995 ...[Visit Journal]
Acceptor doped Quantum Well Intersubband Photodetectors with GaAs wells and lattice matched barriers of both ternary (In0.49Ga0.51P) and quaternary (In0.62Ga0.38As0.22P0.78) materials have been grown on semi-insulating GaAs substrates by Low Pressure Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition. Mesa devices were fabricated and subjected to a series of tests to illuminate experimentally some of the detection capabilities of the lattice matched quaternary InxGa1-xAsyP1-y system with (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.52) and (0 ≤ y ≤ 1). The observed photoresponse cut-off wavelengths are in good agreement with the activation energies observed in the temperature dependence of the dark currents. Kronig-Penney calculations were used to model the intersubband transition energies. [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  A lifetime of contributions to the world of semiconductors using the Czochralski invention
Manijeh Razeghi
Journal of Vacuum Volume 146, Pages 308-328-- December 1, 2017 ...[Visit Journal]
Over the course of my career, I have made numerous contributions related to semiconductor crystal growth and high performance optoelectronics over a vast region of the electromagnetic spectrum (ultraviolet to terahertz). In 2016 this cumulated in my receiving the Jan Czochralski Gold Medal award from the European Materials Research Society. This article is designed to provide a historical perspective and general overview of these scientific achievements, on the occasion of being honored by this award. These achievements would not have been possible without high quality crystalline substrates, and this article is written in honor of Jan Czochralski on the 100th anniversary of his important discovery. [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  Anomalous Hall Effect in InSb Layers Grown by MOCVD on GaAs Substrates
C. Besikci, Y.H. Choi, R. Sudharsanan, and M. Razeghi
Journal of Applied Physics 73 (10)-- May 15, 1993 ...[Visit Journal]
InSb epitaxial layers have been grown on GaAs substrates by low‐pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. A 3.15 μm thick film yielded an x‐ray full width at half maximum of 171 arcsec. A Hall mobility of 76  200 cm²/V· s at 240 K and a full width at half maximum of 174 arcsec have been measured for a 4.85 μm thick epilayer. Measured Hall data have shown anomalous behavior. A decrease in Hall mobility with decreasing temperature has been observed and room‐temperature Hall mobility has increased with thickness. In order to explain the anomalous Hall data, and the thickness dependence of the measured parameters, the Hall coefficient and Hall mobility have been simulated using a three‐layer model including a surface layer, a bulklike layer, and an interface layer with a high density of defects. Theoretical analysis has shown that anomalous behavior can be attributed to donor-like defects caused by the large lattice mismatch and to a surface layer which dominates the transport in the material at low temperatures.   [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  Advances in mid-infrared detection and imaging: a key issues review
Manijeh Razeghi and Binh-Minh Nguyen
Rep. Prog. Phys. 77 (2014) 082401-- August 4, 2014 ...[Visit Journal]
It has been over 200 years since people recognized the presence of infrared radiation, and developed methods to capture this signal. However, current material systems and technologies for infrared detections have not met the increasing demand for high performance infrared detectors/cameras, with each system having intrinsic drawbacks. Type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice has been recently considered as a promising candidate for the next generation of infrared detection and imaging. Type-II superlattice is a man-made crystal structure, consisting of multiple quantum wells placed next to each other in a controlled way such that adjacent quantum wells can interact. The interaction between multiple quantum wells offers an additional degree of freedom in tailoring the material's properties. Another advantage of type-II superlattice is the experimental benefit of inheriting previous research on material synthesis and device fabrication of bulk semiconductors. It is the combination of these two unique strengths of type-II superlattice—novel physics and easy manipulation—that has enabled unprecedented progress in recent years. In this review, we will describe historical development, and current status of type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice for advanced detection and imaging in the mid-infrared regime (λ = 3–5 µm). [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  280 nm UV LEDs Grown on HVPE GaN Substrates
A. Yasan, R. McClintock, K. Mayes, S.R. Darvish, P. Kung, M. Razeghi, and R.J. Molnar
Opto-Electronics Review, 10 (4)-- January 1, 2002 ...[Visit Journal]
We report on the enhancement of optical and electrical properties of 280 nm UV LEDs using low dislocation density HVPE-grown GaN substrate. Compared with the same structure grown on sapphire, these LEDs show ~30% reduction in current-voltage differential resistance, ~15% reduction in turn-on voltage, more than 200% increase in output power slope efficiency and saturation at higher currents. Lower density of defects due to higher material quality and better heat dissipation are believed to be the reason behind these improvements. [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  Recent Advances in InAs/GaSb Superlattices for Very Long Wavelength Infrared Detection
G.J. Brown, F. Szmulowicz, K. Mahalingam, S. Houston, Y. Wei, A. Gin and M. Razeghi
SPIE Conference, San Jose, CA, Vol. 4999, pp. 457-- January 27, 2003 ...[Visit Journal]
New infrared (IR) detector materials with high sensitivity, multi-spectral capability, improved uniformity and lower manufacturing costs are required for numerous long and very long wavelength infrared imaging applications. One materials system has shown great theoretical and, more recently, experimental promise for these applications: InAs/InxGa1-xSb type-II superlattices. In the past few years, excellent results have been obtained on photoconductive and photodiode samples designed for infrared detection beyond 15 microns. The infrared properties of various compositions and designs of these type-II superlattices have been studied. The infrared photoresponse spectra are combined with quantum mechanical modeling of predicted absorption spectra to provide insight into the underlying physics behind the quantum sensing in these materials. Results for superlattice photodiodes with cut-off wavelengths as long as 25 microns are presented. [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  High power continuous operation of a widely tunable quantum cascade laser with an integrated amplifier
S. Slivken, S. Sengupta, and M. Razeghi
Applied Physics Letters 107, 251101-- December 21, 2015 ...[Visit Journal]
Wide electrical tuning and high continuous output power is demonstrated from a single mode quantum cascade laser emitting at a wavelength near 4.8 μm. This is achieved in a space efficient manner by integrating an asymmetric sampled grating distributed feedback tunable laser with an optical amplifier. An initial demonstration of high peak power operation in pulsed mode is demonstrated first, with >5 W output over a 270 nm (113 cm−1) spectral range. Refinement of the geometry leads to continuous operation with a single mode spectral coverage of 300 nm (120 cm−1) and a maximum continuous power of 1.25 W. The output beam is shown to be nearly diffraction-limited, even at high amplifier current. [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  Room temperature operation of InxGa1-xSb/InAs type-II quantum well infrared photodetectors grown by MOCVD
D. H. Wu, Y. Y. Zhang, and M. Razeghi
Applied Physics Letters 112, 111103-- March 14, 2018 ...[Visit Journal]
We demonstrate room temperature operation of In0.5Ga0.5Sb/InAs type-II quantum well photodetectors on InAs substrate grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. At 300 K, the detector exhibits a dark current density of 0.12 A/cm2, peak responsivity of 0.72 A/W corresponding to a quantum efficiency of 23.3%, with calculated specific detectivity of 2.4×109 cm.Hz1/2/W at 3.81 μm. [reprint (PDF)]
 
22.  Continuous wave quantum cascade lasers with 5.6 W output power at room temperature and 41% wall-plug efficiency in cryogenic operation
F. Wang, S. Slivken, D. H. Wu, Q. Y. Lu, and M. Razeghi
AIP Advances 10, 055120-- May 19, 2020 ...[Visit Journal]
In this paper, we report a post-polishing technique to achieve nearly complete surface planarization for the buried ridge regrowth processing of quantum cascade lasers. The planarized device geometry improves the thermal conduction and reliability and, most importantly, enhances the power and efficiency in continuous wave operation. With this technique, we demonstrate a high continuous wave wall-plug efficiency of an InP-based quantum cascade laser reaching ∼41% with an output power of ∼12 W from a single facet operating at liquid nitrogen temperature. At room temperature, the continuous wave output power exceeds the previous record, reaching ∼5.6 W. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Imprinting of Nanoporosity in Lithium-Doped Nickel Oxide through the use of Sacrificial Zinc Oxide Nanotemplates
Vinod E. Sandana, David J. Rogers, Ferechteh H. Teheran1, Philippe Bove, Ryan McClintock and Manijeh Razeghi
Proc. SPIE 10105, Oxide-based Materials and Devices VIII, 101052C-- April 3, 2017 ...[Visit Journal]
Methods for simultaneously increasing the conductivity and the porosity of NiO layers grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) were investigated in order to develop improved photocathodes for p-DSSC applications. NiO:Li (20at%) layers grown on c-Al2O3 by PLD showed a sharp drop in conductivity with increasing substrate temperature. Layers grown at room temperature were more than two orders of magnitude more conductive than undoped NiO layers but did not show evidence of any porosity in Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images. A new method for imposing a nanoporosity in NiO was developed based on a sacrificial template of nanostructured ZnO. SEM images and EDX spectroscopy showed that a nanoporous morphology had been imprinted in the NiO overlayer after preferential chemical etching away of the nanostructured ZnO underlayer. Beyond p-DSSC applications, this new process could represent a new paradigm for imprinting porosity in a whole range of materials. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Widely tuned room temperature terahertz quantum cascade laser sources based on difference-frequency generation
Q.Y. Lu, N. Bandyopadhyay, S. Slivken, Y. Bai and M. Razeghi
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 101, No. 25, p. 251121-1-- December 17, 2012 ...[Visit Journal]
We demonstrate room temperature THz quantum cascade laser sources with a broad spectral coverage based on intracavity difference-frequency generation. Two mid-infrared active cores based on the single-phonon resonance scheme are designed with a THz nonlinearity specially optimized at the high operating fields that correspond to the highest mid-infrared output powers. A Čerenkov phase-matching scheme along with integrated dual-period distributed feedback gratings are used for efficient THz extraction and spectral purification. Single mode emissions from 1.0 to 4.6 THz with a side-mode suppression ratio and output power up to 40 dB and 32 μW are obtained, respectively. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Room temperature terahertz semiconductor frequency comb
Quanyong Lu, Feihu Wang, Donghai Wu, Steven Slivken & Manijeh Razeghi
Nature Communications 10, 2403-- June 3, 2019 ...[Visit Journal]
A terahertz (THz) frequency comb capable of high-resolution measurement will significantly advance THz technology application in spectroscopy, metrology and sensing. The recently developed cryogenic-cooled THz quantum cascade laser (QCL) comb has exhibited great potentials with high power and broadband spectrum. Here, we report a room temperature THz harmonic frequency comb in 2.2 to 3.3 THz based on difference-frequency generation from a mid-IR QCL. The THz comb is intracavity generated via down-converting a mid-IR comb with an integrated mid-IR single mode based on distributed-feedback grating without using external optical elements. The grating Bragg wavelength is largely detuned from the gain peak to suppress the grating dispersion and support the comb operation in the high gain spectral range. Multiheterodyne spectroscopy with multiple equally spaced lines by beating it with a reference Fabry-Pérot comb confirms the THz comb operation. This type of THz comb will find applications to room temperature chip-based THz spectroscopy. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Infrared detection from GaInAs/InP nanopillar arrays
A. Gin, B. Movaghar, M. Razeghi and G.J. Brown
Nanotechnology 16-- July 1, 2005 ...[Visit Journal]
We report on the photoresponse from large arrays of 40 nm radius nanopillars with sensitivity in the long-wavelength infrared regime. Using photoluminescence techniques, a peak wavelength blue shift of approximately 5 meV was observed at 30 K from GaInAs/InP nanopillar structures, indicating carrier confinement effects. Responsivity measurements at 30 K indicated peak wavelength response at about 8 µm with responsivity of 420 mA/W at −2 V bias. We have also measured the noise and estimated the peak detectivity to be 3×108 cm·Hz½·W−1 at 1 V reverse bias and 30 K. A maximum internal quantum efficiency of 4.5% was derived from experiment. Both the photo and the dark transport have been successfully modeled as processes that involve direct and indirect field-assisted tunneling as well as thermionic emission. The best agreement with experiment was obtained when allowances were made for the non-uniformity of barrier widths and electric field heating of carriers above the lattice temperature. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  High efficiency quantum cascade laser frequency comb
Quanyong Lu, Donghai Wu, Steven Slivken & Manijeh Razeghi
Scientific Reports 7, Article number: 43806-- March 6, 2017 ...[Visit Journal]
An efficient mid-infrared frequency comb source is of great interest to high speed, high resolution spectroscopy and metrology. Here we demonstrate a mid-IR quantum cascade laser frequency comb with a high power output and narrow beatnote linewidth at room temperature. The active region was designed with a strong-coupling between the injector and the upper lasing level for high internal quantum efficiency and a broadband gain. The group velocity dispersion was engineered for efficient, broadband mode-locking via four wave mixing. The comb device exhibits a narrow intermode beatnote linewidth of 50.5 Hz and a maximum wall-plug efficiency of 6.5% covering a spectral coverage of 110 cm−1 at λ ~ 8 μm. The efficiency is improved by a factor of 6 compared with previous demonstrations. The high power efficiency and narrow beatnote linewidth will greatly expand the applications of quantum cascade laser frequency combs including high-precision remote sensing and spectroscopy. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Free-space optical communication using mid-infrared or solar-blind ultraviolet sources and detectors
R. McClintock, A. Haddadi and M. Razeghi
SPIE Proceedings, Vol. 8268, p. 826810-- January 22, 2012 ...[Visit Journal]
Free-space optical communication is a promising solution to the “last mile” bottleneck of data networks. Conventional near infrared-based free-space optical communication systems suffer from atmospheric scattering losses and scintillation effects which limit the performance of the data links. Using mid-infrared, we reduce the scattering and thus can improve the quality of the data links and increase their range. Because of the low scattering, the data link cannot be intercepted without a complete or partial loss in power detected by the receiver. This type of communications provides ultra-high bandwidth and highly secure data transfer for both short and medium range data links. Quantum cascade lasers are one of the most promising sources for mid-wavelength infrared sources and Type-II superlattice photodetectors are strong candidates for detection in this regime. The same way that that low scattering makes mid-wavelength infrared ideal for secure free space communications,high scattering can be used for secure short-range free-space optical communications. In the solar-blind ultraviolet (< 280 nm) light is strongly scattered and absorbed. This scattering makes possible non-line-of-sight free-space optical communications. The scattering and absorption also prevent remote eavesdropping. III-Nitride based LEDs and photodetectors are ideal for non-line-of-sight free-space optical communication. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  High-power, continuous-wave, phase-locked quantum cascade laser arrays emitting at 8 μm
WENJIA ZHOU,QUAN-YONG LU,DONG-HAI WU, STEVEN SLIVKEN, AND MANIJEH RAZEGHI
OPTICS EXPRESS 27, 15776-15785-- May 20, 2019 ...[Visit Journal]
We report a room-temperature eight-element phase-locked quantum cascade laser array emitting at 8 μm with a high continuous-wave power of 8.2 W and wall plug efficiency of 9.5%. The laser array operates primarily via the in-phase supermode and has single-mode emission with a side-mode suppression ratio of ~20 dB. The quantum cascade laser active region is based on a high differential gain (8.7 cm/kA) and low voltage defect (90 meV) design. A record high wall plug efficiency of 20.4% is achieved from a low loss buried ridge type single-element Fabry-Perot laser operating in pulsed mode at 20 °C. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  High performance InAs quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIP) on InP by MOCVD
W. Zhang, H. Lim, M. Taguchi, S. Tsao, J. Szafraniec, B. Movaghar, M. Razeghi, and M. Tidrow
SPIE Conference, Jose, CA, Vol. 5732, pp. 326-- January 22, 2005 ...[Visit Journal]
Inter-subband detectors such as quantum well infrared photodetectors (QWIP) have been widely used in infrared detection. Quantum dot infrared photodetectors (QDIPs) have been predicted to have better performance than QWIPs including higher operation temperature and normal incidence detection. Here we report our recent results of InAs QDIP grown on InP substrate by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). The device structures consist of multiple stacks of InAs quantum dots with InP barriers. High detectivities in the range of 1010cm·Hz1/2/W were obtained at 77K. The measurements at higher temperatures show better temperature dependent performance than QWIP. However, the performances of QDIPs are still far from the expected. One of the reasons is the low quantum efficiency due to the low fill factor of quantum dots layer. Resonant cavity enhanced QDIP has been studied to increase the quantum efficiency. Different schemes of mirrors using free carrier plasma and distributed Bragg reflector are discussed. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Polarity inversion of Type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice photodiodes
B.M. Nguyen, D. Hoffman, P.Y. Delaunay, M. Razeghi and V. Nathan
Applied Physics Letters, Vol. 91, No. 10, p. 103503-1-- September 3, 2007 ...[Visit Journal]
The authors demonstrated the realization of p-on-n Type-II InAs/GaSb superlattice photodiodes. Growth condition for high quality InAsSb layer lattice matched to GaSb was established for the use of an effective n-contact layer. By studying the effect of various GaSb capping layer thicknesses on the optical and electrical performances, an optimized thickness of 160 nm was determined. In comparison to as grown n-on-p superlattice photodiodes, this inverted design of p on n has shown similar quality. Finally, by analyzing Fabry-Perot interference fringes in the front side illuminated spectral measurement, the refractive index of the superlattice was determined to be approximately 3.8. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Optoelectronic Devices Based on III-V Compound Semiconductors Which Have Made a Major Scientific and Technological Impact in the Past 20 Years
M. Razeghi
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 6 (6), pp.1344 - 1354 -- November 1, 2000 ...[Visit Journal]
This paper reviews some of our pioneering contributions to the field of III–V compound semiconductor materials and low-dimensional optoelectronic devices. These contributions span from the ultraviolet (200 nm) up to the far-infrared (25 μm) portion of the electromagnetic spectrum and have had a major scientific and technological impact on the semiconductor world in the past 20 years. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Fabrication of 12 µm pixel-pitch 1280 × 1024 extended short wavelength infrared focal plane array using heterojunction type-II superlattice-based photodetector
Arash Dehzangi , Abbas Haddadi, Romain Chevallier, Yiyun Zhang and Manijeh Razegh
Semicond. Sci. Technol. 34, 03LT01-- February 4, 2019 ...[Visit Journal]
We present an initial demonstration of a 1280 × 1024 extended short-wavelength infrared focal plane array (FPA) imager with 12μm pixel-pitch based on type–II InAs/AlSb/GaSb superlattice heterojunction photodetectors, with a novel bandstructure-engineered photo-generated carrier extractor as the window layer in the hetero structure to efficiently extract the photo-generated carriers. This heterostructure with a larger bandgap top window/contact layer leads to the device having lower dark current density compared to conventional pn junction devices. The large format FPA was fabricated with 12 μm pixel-pitch using a developed fabrication process. Test pixels fabricated separately exhibit 100% cut–off wavelengths of ∼2.22, ∼2.34μm, and ∼2.45μm at 150, 200K, and 300K. The test devices achieve saturated quantum efficiency values under zero bias of 54.3% and 68.4% at 150 and 300K, under back-side illumination and without any anti-reflection coating. At 150K, these photodetectors exhibit dark current density of 1.63 × 10−7 A·cm−2 under −20mV applied bias providing a specific detectivity of 1.01 × 1011 cm ·Hz½/W at 1.9μm. [reprint (PDF)]
 
21.  Aluminum free GaInP/GaAs Quantum Well Infrared Photodetectors for Long Wavelength Detection
C. Jelen, S. Slivken, J. Hoff, M. Razeghi, and G. Brown
Applied Physics Letters 70 (3)-- January 20, 1997 ...[Visit Journal]
We demonstrate quantum well infrared photodetectors based on a GaAs/Ga0.51In0.49P superlattice structure grown by gas-source molecular beam epitaxy. Wafers were grown with varying well widths. Wells of 40, 65, and 75 Å resulted in peak detection wavelengths of 10.4, 12.8, and 13.3 μm with a cutoff wavelength of 13.5, 15, and 15.5 μm, respectively. The measured peak and cutoff wavelengths match those predicted by eight band theoretical analysis. Measured dark currents were lower than equivalent GaAs/AlGaAs samples. [reprint (PDF)]
 

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